​​​​​​Students are exposed to the various biotic communities of the marine ecosystem.  Pelagic and benthic communities are discussed with special attention to plankton, nekton, coral reefs and seagrass beds.  The course also discusses nutrients cycles and biological productivity of the oceans and their measurements; biology and adaptations of seashore and deep sea organisms (reproduction, nutrition, respiration, osmoregulation, etc.); bioluminescence and economic aspects of marine biology.