The course introduces students to the various behavioural patterns among animals. Innate behaviour and learning processes shall be emphasized. The roles of the nervous system and the environment shall be discussed, with emphasis on biological rhythms. Using examples from both vertebrate and invertebrate groups,

factors that affect the behaviour of organisms shall be discussed and demonstrated experimentally. Holistic approach to the study of behaviour and physiological conditioning will be stressed.trophic interactions and population ecology. Chemical communication will be discussed. Overall, the course will emphasize on how ecological information and concepts could be applied usefully in agriculture, horticulture and forestry.