This course introduces students to the physical and chemical properties of biological compounds with emphasis on sugars, amino acids, fatty acids, nucleic acids, etc., as contribution towards the understanding of the structure and function of organisms, tissues and cells. Chemical principles of oxidation, reduction, dehydration, stereochemistry, epimerisation, amination, deamination, transamination, etc., will be used to explain the roles of the biological compounds in the physiological environment, Physical characterisation of the biological compounds including methods such as acid/base titration, colorimetry, turbidimetry, polarimetry, and polarography will be treated.